Chronic renal failure should focus on prevention

Chronic renal failure is still a difficult-to-treat diseases. Most of the treatment can only slow down the process of chronic renal failure, advanced to rely on renal dialysis and transplantation. Patients often endure long-term illnesses, family medical costs in the face of unbearable pressure. Therefore, to prevent the occurrence of chronic renal failure is essential.
What is it with chronic renal failure? Its full name is chronic renal failure (CRF), is a clinical syndrome. In a variety of advanced kidney disease, renal dysfunction, water, electrolyte imbalance, the toxin can not be as smooth discharge of urine, causing systemic symptoms of poisoning, which is chronic renal failure.
Chronic renal failure and how to prevent it? The key lies in good control of the primary disease. The most common primary disease is chronic glomerulonephritis, accounting for about 50% -60%. Often the consequences of a variety of renal diseases. Such as acute glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome and so on. There are other chronic pyelonephritis, lupus nephritis, urinary tract stones, diabetes and kidney disease, high blood pressure, renal artery stenosis, drug poisoning and kidney disease, and so on. It can be said that these may have chronic renal failure caused by the disease should attach importance to and actively treated. Such as acute glomerulonephritis can occur at any age, but was particularly prevalent in children, the vast majority of infections occurred, in particular, hemolytic streptococcus infection, the immune mechanism of glomerular inflammation caused by changes in this infection was particularly prevalent in the Respiratory tract infections, skin infections and scarlet fever. In the event of a positive addition to the above-mentioned infection after treatment, we must also check in 2-3 weeks, urine routine. Pyelonephritis in the treatment of choice must be really effective antibiotic treatment and adequate treatment (APN 2 weeks, chronic pyelonephritis 2 months), the joint use of antibiotics. Drug use should avoid renal toxicity of drugs (such as streptomycin).
Since the kidney has a strong compensatory function, in some cases have been serious kidney damage and kidney dysfunction, but in compensation, their kidneys and a lack of nerve pain, and sometimes some of the important information was ignored and waste caused the disease. I have a friend of her husband, Tizhuang tall, but often stomach discomfort, nausea and in some cases, they buy their digestion and help the Yao Chi. All of a sudden, one day more than blood, the hospital and found that renal failure caused by gastrointestinal bleeding. Passed away on a two-week hospitalization, the 30-year-old.
For the early detection of renal failure, when the emergence of unexplained loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, headache, insomnia, convulsions, edema, high blood pressure, anemia, bleeding, the hospital should be investigative.

What will cause shingles disease

Incidence of shingles before the first partial sense of pain, or a mild fever, fatigue, before the body can no symptoms first appear red spot trouble, then cluster of papules, herpes Hill immediately into a blister, blister-wall tension, blister ,7-8-week flush days after the blisters dry scar, healing after a temporary leave pigmentation, the group of normal skin blisters between the nearby lymph nodes.
Rash often along the side of the band arranged in the distribution of peripheral neuropathy, there is generally no more than the central line of the body, found in the trigeminal nerve or intercostal nerve, lumbosacral nerve areas, 2 to 4 weeks duration, the more who are immune for life, not the general recurrence , (Low immunity are exceptions).
One of the characteristics of this disease neuralgia, pain can occur in the pre-eruptive or rash associated with the existence, the older, more severe pain. Old lesions in patients with intractable pain subsided after left up to several months.
As the immune status, violation of different nerve, following several special type of herpes zoster.
1, fruste shingles: only occurred in erythema, papules, rather than the formation of blisters, which subsided on its own.
2, the blood type of herpes zoster: for the content of the blood blister.
3, gangrene-zoster: blister center of necrosis, was brown scar, scab for ulcers, after more scars.
4, the Pan-onset herpes zoster: virus spread through blood, body fat, pan-chicken pox-like rash, accompanied by high fever, lung, brain, and other systemic symptoms of poisoning, serious illness can be fatal.
5, herpes zoster eye: the cornea involved, Pokui blisters to form ulcerative keratitis, the more scar the cornea and left after the blind, or even severe cases, the whole eye inflammation.
6, herpes zoster ear: knee ganglion virus, the effects of the facial nerve and the auditory nerve sensory nerve fibers, so that the external ear canal blisters appear, facial paralysis, and inner ear dysfunction (tinnitus, earache) as the Ramsay-Hunt syndrome.
7, visceral zoster: the virus from invading the spinal cord ganglion parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers of the internal organs, causing gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract symptoms, the virus from the spinal cord before and after the invasion and root up the central nervous system, the performance of the meninges Yan.

Thyroid cancer is caused by what?

The exact cause of the current specific definitely hard, but epidemiological investigation, experimental tumor research and clinical observation, the incidence of thyroid cancer may be related to the following factors. (A) radiation injury mice with X-ray irradiation of the thyroid, to facilitate the occurrence of animal thyroid cancer. 131 Ⅰ can experiment proved that the thyroid cell metabolism changes in nuclear deformation, the synthetic thyroid hormone greatly reduced. On the one hand, shows that radiation caused by the abnormal thyroid cells split, leading to cancer; on the other hand, so that the destruction of the thyroid and endocrine-not produce a result, the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion can trigger a large number of thyroid cancer cells. Clinically, a lot of facts show that the incidence of thyroid and radiation effects. It is particularly noted that the period in infants and young had enlarged thymus or lymph-like proliferation and acceptance of the mediastinum or neck radiation therapy for children especially prone to thyroid cancer, because children and adolescents in a strong cell proliferation, radiation An additional boost, its easy to trigger tumor formation. Adults and neck radiation therapy after the occurrence of thyroid cancer is rare. (B) iodine and TSH photo or excessive iodine deficiency can make the thyroid gland structure and function of change. Switzerland, such as endemic goiter prevalence area of thyroid cancer incidence rate than the 2 ‰ Berlin and other non-popular 20-fold higher. On the other hand, iodine is also easy to diet-induced thyroid cancer, Iceland and Japan are the highest in the photo iodine, the thyroid cancer rate than that found in other countries. This may be related to TSH thyroid stimulating proliferation of factors. Experiments have proved that long-term TSH to be able to stimulate the thyroid gland hyperplasia, and the formation of cancerous nodules. (C) other thyroid diseases are clinically thyroid cancer, chronic thyroiditis, nodular goiter or toxic goiter occurrence of cancer reported, but the thyroid disease and thyroid cancer, the relationship certainly hard. With thyroid adenoma, for example, for the vast majority of thyroid follicular adenomas, only 2 to 5% of the papilloma; such as thyroid cancer from Adenoma shift, for the vast majority of follicular, and the actual More than half of the thyroid cancer for the first service-like cancer, thyroid adenoma speculated that the incidence of cancer is very small. (D) of the genetic factor of about 5 to 10% of medullary thyroid carcinoma has a clear family history, often associated with pheochromocytoma, and so on Run, type of cancer that may be related to the incidence of chromosomal genetic factors.

Children suffering from juvenile type of rheumatism how is going on?

Q: children suffering from juvenile type of rheumatism how is going on?
A: juvenile rheumatic category is more common in children during the systemic connective tissue disease. The cause of this disease and the pathogenesis is not yet entirely clear, may be related to infections, immune and genetic factors, and so on.
This disease in children a greater incidence of the majority for the performance of the joint type. General slow onset, there may be low, especially for small multiple arthritis.
On the type of juvenile rheumatic treatment of choice for the general aspirin. If not satisfied with the effect of aspirin, systemic symptoms such as high fever control is not satisfactory, and can be used adrenocorticotropic hormone, commonly used for prednisone, but not long-term use.

Cardiovascular disease in patients with allergy drug selection

Autumn is the asthma and allergic rhinitis high-fat, anti-allergy, many people have become one of the essential drugs. However, not all of them for taking such drugs, particularly cardiovascular disease in patients taking more time to be cautious. Also known as anti-allergy antihistamine, according to the time-to-market has divided into three generations, we are well-known chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine belong to the first generation; second-generation drugs are commonly used cetirizine (Sin Temin ) And loratadine (Rui Tan Kai), terfenadine (Mitel), and so on; third-generation antihistamines, including L-Cetirizine, Fexofenadine Ding, desloratadine and B F Lee hydrochloride, and so on. In addition, anti-allergy materials include calcium, such as calcium gluconate, and immunosuppressants, such as dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine. The first generation of anti-allergy to the heart of less side effects, but it can also cause heart beat too fast or slow, nervous, dizziness, drop in blood pressure, and so on, so that the heart failure. The second-generation anti-allergy, such as astemizole, terfenadine heart of the greater side effects, may cause arrhythmia, can lead to serious cardiac arrest and sudden death, known as the allergy drug Astemizole, It is because of too much impact on the heart had been eliminated. And the first and second drug compared to the third generation of anti-allergy fewer side effects, better efficacy, especially in the heart of the side effects are significantly lower. In addition, calcium gluconate on heart disease in patients with the same does not apply if the rapid injection or excessive doses, it will cause cardiac rhythm disorders, caused serious ventricular fibrillation or cardiac arrest. Therefore there is heart disease, the best selection of third-generation antihistamines. In addition, even when taking note of the following: Do not with erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin, with the use of drugs such as ketoconazole, or antihistamines can cause the blood concentration was significantly higher , Caused a dangerous ventricular arrhythmia and even sudden death. Hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and patients with low blood magnesium is best not to use, as electrolyte disorder can affect the heart, causing cardiac arrhythmia. To avoid the same anti-arrhythmic drugs, calcium antagonists, sedative-hypnotics combined, so as not to increase the risk of arrhythmia. Drugs should be the recommended dose range.