Diffuse interstitial lung disease

Overview diffuse interstitial lung disease (RDD diffuse lung intersticial e) is a group of different types of non-specific, violations of pulmonary alveolar walls and surrounding tissue diseases, more than 100 species, Most of unknown etiology, pathogenesis unclear, the incidence hidden passage, the process is chronic, acute onset duality can be seen. The group disease lesions occurred in the main pulmonary interstitial and alveolar wall is not limited to, also includes alveolar epithelial cells. alveolar capillary endothelial cells, also affected the bronchioles. The main pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis, decreased lung compliance, reduced lung capacity, was restrictive ventilatory dysfunction and dispersion. Also by the bronchioles of inflammation, and pulmonary vascular occlusion. ventilation and blood flow caused imbalance caused by ventilators sexual dysfunction and lack of oxygen for patients with chronic respiratory difficulties, eventually respiratory failure. Pulmonary interstitial lung real concept refers to all levels of bronchial and alveolar structure, the main pathological changes in the alveolar and bronchial, If inflammation and pulmonary edema. Interstitial lung mainly by the alveoli, and interstitial capillary cavity three components (Figure 2 -10-1). Electron microscope by alveolar lavage two different cells. Type I cells build shallow, alveolar wall is the main structure of cells, accounting for 95%, supporting alveolar mechanically. Type II cells 5%, its function of synthesis, storage and secretion of alveolar surface material, lowering the alveolar surface tension, alveolar maintain the size of relative stability, not shrink. Alveolar adjacent said that the gap between the interstitial cavity. Cavity lymphatic capillaries and distribution. Pulmonary capillary wall surface of endothelial cells, based on their film. Endothelial cells over a link between osteoporosis, contiguous Department has wide disparity between the narrow gap in the average 4-5nm. the widest diameter of 20 nm, intravascular or some liquid protein particles which can be passed into the interstitial cavity. Capillaries in the interstitial cavity close to alveolar wall, during interstitial thin cavity, Blood and gas guaranteed minimum distance separated the highest and ventilation efficiency. Thick cavity and will be used for interstitial fluid storage and vascular-interstitial cavity-lavage fluid movement of water between the regulation. Mesenchymal cavity in the distribution of lymphatic finally ends, can be reached around the pulmonary alveolar capillary network gap attract interstitial fluid cavity excess water and protein particles, the Department of interstitial cavity storage capacity at a certain level. prevent or interstitial pulmonary edema.