Urolithiasis have clinical manifestations of different sizes

Urinary stones can be kidney stones, ureteral stones, bladder stones, urinary tract calculi and several, but in fact it originated in the kidney or bladder. Stones reasons still unclear, the general and urinary tract obstruction, infection, vitamin A deficiency, hyperparathyroidism and long-term bed rest, etc., these factors make urinary impeded, the crystals in urine, cell debris, bacteria and all kinds of foreign bodies can become the core of stone, and then there are calcium oxalate, and calcium phosphate, uric acid, and other layers surrounded forward, gradually formed stones.
Harmful effects of kidney stones is the main urinary tract obstruction, such as incarcerated in the renal pelvis and ureter connect the small stones, can cause serious and renal colic hydronephrosis, renal function in the final will damage renal atrophy. Bacterial infection can be complicated by kidney stones, have pyelonephritis, accelerate kidney damage. If renal calyceal stones embedded in the static, stones will not necessarily cause obstruction or colic. Some kidney stones can be, a staghorn calculi, if no infection or hematuria can be no symptoms, but too many activities will abrasions mucosa caused hematuria.
Renal tubular lights in this section to the formation of small stones, like sand or small samples of rice, and some people from urinating in the day from more than 10 tablets, because small size can be no pain, and only mild discomfort, Careless people may not pay attention, if urinating in the spittoon at night, can be found early. This small stones sometimes cause hematuria, but comes to fast, to a maximum of two days will disappear.
Ureteral calculi general would not be significant because of ureteral very small, not too big stones into the ureteral orifice, so the majority of the soy bean only big. There are several special because of ureteral stricture, easily embedded in the stone narrow, at this time is likely to result in voiding ureter not open, ureter strengthen wiggle, or even cramps, will have a typical renal colic.
bladder stones can be large, such as the pebble-like, and its main symptom is voiding difficulty, or a sudden disruption of voiding symptoms, which is posterior urethral stones blocked the mouth of reasons, such as postural changes, such as the change in legislation Position, stones can be found its way into the side urethra recanalization, but also continue to urinate. Voiding have lower abdominal pain, but also radiation to the site of external genitalia. In addition, there are also different degrees of seriousness of hematuria and pyuria. Urethral stones are more common in boys phimosis, calculus generally not in the urine can be seen urinating at the bifurcation and urinary suddenly interrupted, its characteristics.
The diagnosis of urinary tract calculi and rely mainly on the history of X-ray examination, where a typical renal colic symptoms associated with hematuria, including shoot a kidney, ureter, bladder X-ray, the vast majority of stones can be displayed on the X-ray film out if it is not sure will take intravenous pyelography or cystoscopy to confirm the diagnosis.