Rheumatic mitral regurgitation

Rheumatic fever violations outlined see most of the mitral valve disease is thickening valve fibrosis, the junction of integration, small valve, Simple formed mitral stenosis. About 1 / 3 cases of mitral stenosis associated with regurgitation. Simple mitral regurgitation is rare in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease accounted for only about 5%. Adults mitral regurgitation causes, with the exception of rheumatic valvular disease, still coronary atherosclerosis causing papillary muscle infarction fault; Aortic stenosis or regurgitation caused left ventricular dilation occurred on the basis of mitral insufficiency; Mitral valve thickening myxoid degeneration, the valve prolapse has elongation, have incompetence, In mitral valve disease on the basis of the bacterial endocarditis caused mitral regurgitation; chest trauma caused mitral regurgitation is extremely rare. Mitral junction, especially for the separation surgery closed valve caused tearing or breaking tendons, could also create a traumatic or iatrogenic mitral regurgitation. Cause pathogenesis of rheumatic mitral stenosis and insufficiency of cases. Because rheumatic fever caused mitral valve prolonged and repeated inflammation, fibrosis mitral valve, thickened and rigid, the junction of integration, causing valve stenosis and valve fibrosis contracture due to deformation, free edge valve thickening or fibrosis due to calcium deposition, Curling is not formed, resulting in around the valve can ventricular contraction of the 1950s closed, tendons due to papillary muscle fibrosis, shortening, Ye will flap retraction to the ventricular cavity, resulting in valve activity be limited to obstruct valve function of the rising sun, enable both mitral valve stenosis, there regurgitation. Simple cases of mitral regurgitation, the valve has a certain degree of fibrosis, thickening, but no valve junction integration flow through the mitral valve and accessibility, the main lesion is expanding mitral valve, Central expansion valve caused the causes of acute rheumatic myocarditis caused left ventricular dilatation, mitral valve with left ventricular dilatation and thickening, flap valve phyllopodium increased more markedly, resulting flap leaf area relatively short, I can not systolic flap closure. As acute rheumatic fever when treated properly, the better myocarditis, left ventricle and valve narrowing, and to restore normal closed insufficiency can disappear. If myocarditis stage without medical treatment or ineffective treatment, and left ventricular valve Central time. During the next few years, due to mitral regurgitation and left ventricular lead to further expansion valve, incompetence is the degree increase. Cardiac contraction mitral valve can not learn that the tendons bear the increased tension may fracture. Valve left ventricular systolic blood by the impact of trauma can present fiber myxoid degeneration. Cases of mitral regurgitation left ventricle, the left atrium and mitral valve was significantly expanded, Left ventricular contraction due to the reflux of blood long stretch of left atrial result of left atrial wall gradually thinning, left atrial cavity volume extremely increased left ventricular diastolic blood at the left atrium can smooth the aorta, Left atrial pressure decreased rapidly, thus little pressure on the pulmonary circulation increased with pulmonary hypertension or pulmonary edema were relatively rare. or slow show. Cardiac embolism caused tendons or papillary muscle rupture or chest trauma caused by traumatic mitral regurgitation, as a sharp onset, left atrium can not adapt to the sudden increase in the volume of reflux filling, left atrial pressure rapidly increased pulmonary vascular bed so the pressure has also increased, Pulmonary edema, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary arterial pressure sometimes accessible systemic pressure, But in the treatment of mitral regurgitation can still return to normal. Cases of mitral regurgitation and left ventricular diastolic is necessary not only to accept the pulmonary venous flow back into the left atrium blood, have to accept a stroke back at the inflow of blood to the left atrium, left ventricle diastolic extended, filling volume increased, gradually undergoing expansion and hypertrophy, and advanced course Yu pulmonary blood pressure and pulmonary circulation could lead to increased right ventricular failure, When left ventricular systolic blood flows back to the part of the left atrium, thus entering the systemic circulation of blood flow reduction.