Pneumococcal Pneumonia

Overview of pneumococcal pneumonia (Pneumococcal pneumonia) by pneumococcal or lung Yan Streptococcus (streptococcus pneuoncae) caused, for hospital-acquired pneumonia in more than half. Or lobe of the lung was acute inflammatory real change, patients are shivering, fever, chest pain, cough and sputum, and other symptoms. In recent years, anti-bacterial drugs widely used, or mild clinical disease is not typical styles. Etiopathologic pneumococcal disease machine for Gram-positive cocci. often paired (Streptococcus pneumoniae), or chain was ranked (Streptococcus pneumoniae), the bacteria Clostridium outside, capsular polysaccharide with specific antigen, serum tests are now known to have 86 subtypes. Adult pathogens are mostly 1 -9 and 12 - to No. 3-type drugs is the strongest, and the child for 6,14,19, and 23 type. These bacteria upper respiratory normal flora, and only when the general tenor of immunity reduced pathogenicity. Less in part bacteremia, or septic shock, without appropriate and timely treatment, can lead to death. Pneumococcal in dry sputum can survive for months; But under direct sunshine a h, or heating to 52 ° C for 10 minutes and can be sterilized. right carbolic acid, and other disinfectants are very sensitive. Incidence in winter and early spring for many, and respiratory infection is certainly popular. Patients often previously healthy young people as well as the elderly and infants, men see more. Most patients first had mild upper respiratory tract infection, or catch cold drink or general anesthesia history of respiratory dysfunction defense, Under bacteria are inhaled into the respiratory tract in alveolar breeding. Smokers, dementia, congestive heart failure, chronic patients, patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and immune deficiency patients are vulnerable to pneumococcal invasion. Pneumococcal not produce toxins, not cause tissue necrosis or primary form hollow. pathogenicity containing polymer is due to the capsular polysaccharides of the invasion, the first arising from the alveolar edema, rapidly emerging WBC and RBC exudation, the bacteria effusions by Cohn's Lung Kong to the central portion of proliferation, even vines and several of the lung or the entire lobe, the disease began in the peripheral lung, it leaves a clear delineation between, Pleural involvement is likely. Pathological changes have congestive period, the Red liver variable period, gray liver variable period and dispersed phase. Pulmonary congestion and edema, alveolar within exudation and red pulp, leukocyte infiltration, eating bacteria, and then fibrin exudation dissolved Absorption, alveolar re-activated. In fact four pathological stage there is no absolute boundaries, the use of antibiotics in the case, the typical pathological staging a rarity. Lesions disappeared after lung tissue structure without more damage and leave scar fiber. Very few patients with alveolar fibrin absorption incomplete, or even a successful fiber cell formation, the formation of organizing pneumonia. Infants and the elderly along bronchial infection distribution (bronchial pneumonia). Without the use of antibiotics in a timely manner between 5% -10% can be complicated with empyema, 15% -20% of bacteria lymphatic thoracic duct into the blood circulation, the formation of lung infection (pleurisy, arthritis, pericarditis, endocarditis, peritonitis, such as otitis media. clinical diagnosis of patients often catch cold drenched, fatigue, drunkenness, mental excitement, virus infection, half of the cases of several days of upper respiratory tract infection symptoms pioneer. more rapid onset sharp, a high fever, shivering with half, the temperature in a few hours can soar to 39 -40 ℃, the peak in the afternoon or evening, Missed was also hot, with the pulse rate parallel. Patients with flu general muscle soreness, chest pain in the affected side, radiotherapy to shoulder, abdomen, when you cough or deep breathing intensified. Sputum less, with bloodshot eyes or showed rust color. Be selective dropped, sometimes nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or diarrhea. sometimes misdiagnosed as acute abdomen. Patients were urgent capacity, cheek Blush, dry skin. numbness of the mouth and nose weeks there will be the herpes simplex. When pneumonia extensive ventilation / reduce the flow ratio, there hypoxemia, the performance of short breath and cyanosis, septicemia, skin and mucous membrane bleeding can point; sclera stained; necks that may prompt the resistance meningeal involvement. heart rate increase, sometimes arrhythmia. Early signs of pulmonary no obvious abnormality, Only thoracic respiration rate decreased slightly knock turbid, reduce noise and respiratory pleural friction sound. yet pragmatic changes are typical signs, If knock turbid, and enhance the language chatter bronchial breath sounds. dispersed phase can hear and wet Rale, can be associated with severe intestinal flatulence. upper abdominal tenderness may be inflammation involved phrenic Extrapleural weeks. serious infection can be associated with shock, disseminated intravascular coagulation, Adult respiratory distress syndrome and neurological symptoms, such as state of mind fuzzy, irritability, lethargy, delirium, coma, close observation, active treatment. When the human body to generate sufficient Clostridium antigen specific antibody, a combination of both, in complement participation, phagocytes to the phagocytosis of bacteria. onset of 5 -10 days, Fever free drop or gradually diminish. effective use of antibacterial drugs in body temperature can 1 -3 days to return to normal, patients felt symptoms disappeared, gradually recover. complications of pneumococcal pneumonia complications in recent years have been relatively rare. severe sepsis patients can lead to with septic shock, fever, but there are also rising body temperature, blood pressure drop, limbs Jueling, sweating, purple lips. Tachycardia with myocarditis when there arrhythmia, such as atrial, paroxysmal tachycardia or atrial fibrillation. with pleurisy, pleural effusion of serous fibrin exudates; in the era before penicillin application, there are reports with empyema.